complex algorithms

Using complex algorithms that take into account hundreds of variables should lead to fairer outcomes than relying on error-prone loan officers who may harbor biases, proponents say.....But with the rise of machine learning, it’s hard to keep track of whether decisions are really fair. “Algorithms are not only nonpublic, they are actually treated as proprietary trade secrets by many companies,” Rohit Chopra, an FTC commissioner, said in October. “Victims of discriminatory algorithms seldom if ever know they have been victimized.”